Hot hair styling technology. Styling medium hair with curling irons: description, step-by-step instructions for styling, necessary accessories and advice from hairdressers Basic operations when styling hair using the hot method
Hair Styling- This is a perm for a short time, as a result of which the structure of the hair changes. It consists of several operations with the help of which hairstyles of various shapes and patterns are performed. The duration of preservation of the styling depends on:
hair structure;
their elasticity and elasticity;
selected tools and devices;
modeling agent;
weather conditions
According to the method of making the hairstyle, styling can be:
1. Cold styling (styling with a comb and fingers).
2. Air styling (styling with a brush and hair dryer).
3. Hot styling (styling with electric curling irons and using curlers).
4. Combined styling (styling that combines 2 or more methods).
Cold styling hair has been used for a very long time. One of the advantages of this method is its harmlessness. Hair is not damaged with this styling method, as it is not subjected to high temperature and chemical treatment. You can even, on the contrary, improve the condition of your hair if you use high-quality traditional compositions of plant origin or new modern products specifically designed for this and containing herbal, mineral and other useful additives to fix the style.
The cold styling method allows you to diversify the composition of your hairstyle, since in this case, using different combinations of individual elements (for example, types and sizes of waves), the hairdresser can create different shapes of the hairstyle and change its pattern.
When performing cold styling, strands of hair, pre-treated with a special fixing agent, are styled using hands and a comb. Styling done using this method, also called “finger styling,” lasts for a short time.
The procedure for performing cold hair styling depends on the originally conceived shape of the hairstyle, its design (sketch) and other factors. For example, in the process of forming individual elements that make up a hairstyle, aerosol hairsprays can be used for the purpose of intermediate fastening of waves and strands. This technique, helping to draw a hairstyle step by step, allows you to create a certain shape. The shape of a cold styled hairstyle will be better preserved if you use a special mesh when drying your hair. After drying, the net is removed and the hair is shaped into a hairstyle using a comb, giving it fullness and naturalness. The final shape of the hairstyle is fixed with hairspray.
Depending on the shape of the hairstyle, the elements of its components, the individual characteristics of the hair and some other factors, the styling order may vary. The professional skill and creativity of the hairdresser play a huge role here.
Distinctive features of modern cold styling:
1. A hairstyle can combine several types of waves (straight, oblique, transverse).
2. The shape of the hairstyle is made up of waves of different widths.
3. Using a non-classical method of connecting waves.
4. Using a curly parting.
5. Using decorative additions of modern stylized shapes to design hairstyles.
6. The use of a variety of modeling products produced by domestic and foreign perfumery and cosmetics companies.
The most common element of a hairstyle, which is performed in a cold way, is a wave (a smooth bend of the hair, limited on both sides by crowns). They have distinctive features depending on their location, size and method of execution.
Technological features of execution " direct wave"are as follows: the waves are parallel to the parting. The first crown on the larger side of the parting reaches the end of the parting and ends there. The second crown on the larger side of the parting extends to join the first crown on the smaller side of the parting (Fig. 1). When performing a hairstyle, use a combined large comb and a fixing hair styling product.
Laying is carried out in the following order:
2. Then the styling compound is evenly applied to them and a parting is made, which determines the direction of the future wave.
3. The first wave is performed on the larger side of the parting. This is a reverse wave.
4. Next, stepping back 2 - 3 cm from the parting, the index finger of the left hand is placed on the resulting wave. A comb is inserted into the hair perpendicular to the finger and moved away from the face by 1-1.5 cm. Then the comb is turned towards itself and the resulting crown is clamped with the index and middle fingers of the left hand, after which the hair is pulled back with the comb in the opposite direction and smoothed with the hem. This is how you get a second, protruding wave on the larger side of the parting.
5. Gradually moving in this way to the highest point of the head (crown), perform the first crown, which ends at the end of the parting.
6. Similarly, perform the second crown on the larger side of the parting.
7. The peculiarity of performing the above techniques is that the hair must be combed in the direction from the face to form a reverse wave on the larger side of the parting.
8. The second crown on the larger side of the parting passes through the crown and connects with the first crown formed on the smaller side of the parting. Consistently repeating the considered styling techniques, complete the “Straight Waves” hairstyle.
9. On the larger side, protruding waves are visible - frontal, temporal, buccal, and on the smaller side of the parting - only temporal and buccal.
10. In the area of the ears, in order to avoid damaging them, waves must be performed with special care and caution.
11. Very short hair in the nape area can be styled by forming flat rings from individual strands 1.5 or 2 cm wide. Using the thumb and forefinger, the strands are twisted in one direction or the other and secured with clips or hairpins. This way, you get clear waves that complement the overall composition of the hairstyle.
12. If the hair in the back of the head is very long, it can be styled in the form of ring curls and secured with curlers.
Features of styling in relation to the parting: the composition of this hairstyle is characterized by the fact that oblique waves are located on the larger side of the parting, and straight ones on the smaller side.
Laying "oblique wave" performed in the following order:
1. First, comb the hair thoroughly.
2. Then a hair styling fixative is evenly applied to them and a side parting is made.
3. Using the techniques described for styling “Straight hair,” perform the first (preparatory) wave and obtain the first crown on the larger side of the parting. This crown is positioned at an angle of 45° relative to the parting and is directed into the first third of the parting.
4. Then, on the larger side of the parting, a protruding wave and a second crown are made, directed towards the second third of the parting.
5. The third crown performed is directed to the end of the parting.
6. The fourth crown on the larger side of the parting is connected to the first crown on the smaller side.
Hot styling.
Much less often than other traditional hair styling methods, hot perm is used, i.e. hair styling using electric curling irons.
This style is more suitable for long straight or slightly curly hair, cut in a cascade or at the same length. Moreover, to style thin hair, you need to take curling irons with a small diameter - then the curl will be elastic and long-lasting.
The strands are wound spirally onto the tongs. To protect your hair from heat, it is best to use mousse.
Combined styling is characterized by a combination of different styling methods.
Air styling. Hairstyles with short hair turn out more voluminous and last longer if you moisten the hair at the roots with gel, varnish or foam before styling with a hairdryer. A hairdryer is convenient for styling hair of any length.
When styling with a hairdryer, you need to dry your hair very carefully and try not to let the dried strands come into contact with the wet ones. You should also clearly work out all the details of the hairstyle and, when creating volume, strictly ensure that the air stream does not burn the skin.
After blow-drying, comb the hair only with a combination comb or a comb with a regular handle. When styling hair using a hair dryer, depending on the length of the hair, use a comb, as well as a round or flat brush.
Perform small volume hairstyles using a flat brush.
Flat brushes are designed to lift hair at the roots, i.e. creating a hairstyle. This styling method, called “bombing,” is used in men’s and women’s rooms when performing evening and model hairstyles.
When performing blow-drying with a flat brush (Fig. 1), you first need to comb your hair and outline the direction of the main lines of the future hairstyle. Then, holding the brush with its teeth down, it is inserted into the hair strand from the inside. Moreover, styling begins from the lower occipital zone. Blow drying techniques with a paddle brush
Having grabbed the strand with a brush, it is slightly lifted up, while the hair should be stretched by the first row of brush teeth facing the inside of the strand.
Next, direct a stream of air onto the strand, fixing the resulting hair crease. The treated strand should remain on the brush until completely dry. Then the end of this strand is pulled with a brush and hairdryer in the direction of the lines of the intended hairstyle, after which the brush is removed from the dried strand of hair.
All hair is treated in the same way, gradually moving from the back of the head to the front.
Hairstyle using a round brush
Using a round brush and hair dryer, shape the ends of the hair.
This styling method is called “brushing” and is used in the women's room. The installation technology is as follows.
The brush is inserted into the hair strand from the inside. Moreover, styling begins from the parietal zone.
Then the strand captured by the brush is pulled in the direction opposite to the comb of the hair of the future hairstyle, and, directing a stream of hot air to the root part of the strand, it is dried.
Having pulled the brush out of the cooled strand, style the hair in the same way on all areas of the head where the hairstyle should have increased volume.
Making waves using a flat brush and comb
The technology for making waves with a hairdryer using a flat brush and comb is as follows.
Holding a separated strand of hair with a comb directed perpendicular to the head, insert the teeth of the brush into it and, grabbing the hair the width of two or three fingers, slightly move the strand to the right. In this case, the first wave is formed.
Then, turning the brush and lifting the hair at the roots, dry the raised strand with an air flow directed to the left. Rice. 2. Hairdryer waves.
The second wave is performed in a similar way, only changing the direction of movement of the brush and the flow of hot air, i.e. the brush is moved to the left 1 cm and turned towards itself, and the hair is dried with an air flow directed to the right side.
Laying the waves begins from the parietal area of the head or from the parting. The brush is held parallel to the head. Having grabbed the next strand, lift the hair at the roots and turn it slightly towards itself, after which they move the brush away from the parting and gradually dry the hair along it. This technique is repeated several times, giving the hair the desired shape.
Long strands can be wound onto a round brush, drying each strand first from the outside and then from the inside. In this case, the brush is held in the left hand and, having grabbed a strand, the brush is slightly twisted, as a result of which the hair is well fixed to it and takes the shape of a curl. In this case, the styled hair bends beautifully downwards, giving the impression of a natural wave (Fig. 2).
The techniques for performing the main elements of this installation (crowns, waves) are also similar to the techniques used when installing a “straight wave”. A distinctive feature of the composition of this hairstyle is the perpendicular arrangement of the waves in relation to the imaginary parting. The technological feature of this installation is that the waves are made without connection. The waves located near the face are narrow, and then, in the occipital zone, they gradually widen.
Styling with curlers recommended in cases where the hair is porous, which means it quickly absorbs moisture and quickly becomes dry, and if it is pliable and elastic. If the hair has a structure with increased elasticity and a tendency to “stick out” with a strand length of up to 5 cm, then it is better to first subject such hair to chemical treatment (perm).
The beauty and naturalness of a hairstyle styled with curlers always depends on the curling technique and the type of curlers.
When using thin curlers, the curls will always be small and elastic, and the hairstyle will last quite a long time.
The use of medium curlers on short hair (Fig. 1) allows you to give the hairstyle pomp and volume; on medium-length hair it allows you to get large waves, and on long hair - soft waves.
Rice. 1. Styling short hair with medium curlers
Large curlers are used only for curling long and semi-long hair to give the hair volume and shape (Fig. 2).
Rice. 2. Curling medium-length hair with large curlers (a) and the resulting hairstyle (b)
Thus, the volume of the hairstyle depends on the size of the curlers: the smaller they are, the greater the volume, and vice versa. Hair that is wet or moistened with styling compound is always curled onto curlers.
Before curling, the hair is divided into zones in accordance with the chosen curling pattern. Some cheating schemes are shown in Fig. 3-5.
Rice. 3. Classic scheme curling hair with curlers
Rice. 4. Scheme of curling hair with curlers to obtain a transverse wave
Rice. 5. Scheme of curling hair with curlers to obtain a horizontal wave
1. Next, using a ponytail comb, separate a strand of hair intended for curling. The width of this strand should be slightly less than the length of the curler, and the thickness of the strand should not exceed the diameter of the curler.
2. Having lifted the strand, it must be positioned at approximately 45° to the surface of the head (i.e., pulled back), and then wrap the tip of the strand around the curler. Then, holding the end of the strand, use the thumbs and forefingers of both hands to rotate the curlers so that the hair is evenly distributed along its entire length, and secure the strands with an elastic band or hairpin, depending on the design.
3. After all the hair has been curled, it is necessary to put a special net on it and sit the client under a dryer. After some time, the master should check whether the hair has dried well. If your hair is not completely dried, your hairstyle will not retain its shape for long. However, over-dried hair also does not contribute to long-term styling. For better fixation of curls, before unwinding the curlers, you need to let them cool.
4. Start rolling the curlers from the lower occipital area so that the hair does not get tangled.
5. Then they start combing the hair, which is a very important stage of styling. The resulting curls are carefully combed with two brushes, starting from the ends, and at the same time pulled back.
7. To give your hair a smoother shape, you can use hair styling gel or wax.
8. To preserve volume for a longer period of time, fix the hairstyle with varnish.
Hot hair styling.
Hot curling is performed using conventional or electric curling irons. Conventional curling irons are no different in design from the curling irons that were first used in 1871 by the French hairdresser Marcel. Currently, there is a whole set of tongs that differ only in the diameter and shape of the working part.
Hot styling. Hair styling with electric curling irons is performed on dry and clean hair, since using electric curling irons with wet hair is dangerous. And if hairspray or other fixative was applied to the hair the day before, this will greatly damage the structure of the hair - it will lose its shine, will be dry and brittle.
Order of operations:
-separate the strand with a comb, grab it at the roots with tongs, place it between the roller of the tongs and the clamp;
- warm up, moving the tongs along the entire length of the strand, and twist the hair onto the roller of the tongs. To avoid burning your scalp, place a comb under the strand of hair you are currently curling.
- hold for 20 - 30 seconds and carefully pull the curling iron out of the curl, opening it slightly;
- perform this operation on all areas of the head where it is desirable to get curls;
- Having received the tube curls, you can begin final styling. If necessary, use blunting, backcombing, hairpins, pins, etc.
- fix the hairstyle. (let me sketch the picture, page 47, fig. 3.6)
Hair styling with corrugated curling irons. With the help of crimping curling irons, you can achieve a variety of effects on straight hair; you can use them to curl entire hair or individual strands. Before styling, hair should be washed, rinsed with conditioner and blow-dried, and then applied styling liquid. You can apply a fixative before blow-drying.
The hair is separated into small strands and placed between the plates of the tongs. After heating the hair for a few seconds, the tongs are opened and moved along the strand to the next section. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the plates fit tightly to the hair.
Corrugating pliers have a set of plates with different corrugation effects (shallow, deep, wide, narrow). Appearance The corrugation will also vary depending on the thickness of the processed strands.
Styling hair with flat curling irons. The purpose of this styling is to straighten the hair. After using them, the hair becomes completely straight.
To achieve this effect, hair should be washed and styled with a hairdryer without drying it dry. The strands are then pulled between the flat surfaces of the heated plates. Finally, wax or pomade is applied to the hair, and the hairstyle is fixed with varnish.
It is not advisable to use a straightener on permed hair - such exposure can worsen the hair structure and the beauty of the curl.
Precautions when working with electric tongs.
Electric tongs should always be clean.
To avoid scalp burns, the comb should be held between the tongs and the head. The comb itself should not be metal, as it can also heat up and burn the skin.
Do not overheat the electric curling iron too much to avoid damaging your hair.
You should not inhale the smoke coming from electric tongs - it is harmful to your lungs.
Keep hot tongs in a safe place so as not to burn your hands or drop them.
Exercises for arm flexibility.
To make your arms more flexible and your fingers more mobile, you need to do simple exercises and massage. You can do them a couple of times a day. It’s better to start with intense rubbing of your palms against each other, then massage your hands and each finger separately with rubbing movements, moving from the base to the tips. Several times at a fast pace, clench your fingers into fists and unclench them. Rotate your brushes 5-6 times, first in one direction, then in the other direction. Clasp your hands and rotate your hands in the joints. Keeping your hands locked, turn them with your palms facing away from you, then return them to their original position, repeat several times. Performing these exercises, as well as massage, will increase blood flow to the hands, increase the elasticity of the ligaments, and make the joints more mobile.
Required prior knowledge:
Styling hair with curling irons can be classified as hot styling. The curl is formed due to temperature.
The styling result depends on the diameter and shape of the curling iron, the length and thickness of the hair, the time the strand is exposed to heat and the style of hairstyle. The thicker and longer the hair, the thinner the strands need to be separated in order to create a high-quality curl.
Using curling irons, you can perform voluminous styling of all hair, partial curling of strands, or create curls only at the ends of the hair.
Preparatory work:
Wash and dry your hair.
Technology for making curls using the “down” method:
Comb your hair;
Separate the first strand of hair in the lower occipital area with dimensions: length of the base of the strand 2 - 4 cm, width of the base of the strand 1 - 4 cm (depending on the length and thickness of the hair);
Bring the tongs to the base of the strand and grab the strand, warm the strand by passing it through the tongs several times;
Pull the pliers away from the place where the strand is grasped by 1 – 2 turns;
Make 1 – 2 turns with the tongs towards the base of the strand, holding the ends of the hair with the fingers of your left hand and pulling them slightly;
Often open and close the tongs slightly, continuing to pull them away from the base of the strand so that untreated sections of hair fall into the working part of the tongs;
When the ends of the hair are caught between the groove and the roller, stop pulling and carefully remove the tongs;
Secure the finished curl with a clip.
Technology for making curls using the “up” method:
Grasp the strand with pliers so that the groove is located on the master's side, and the roller is located on the side of the base of the strand;
Warm up the strand and pull the tongs away from the place where the strand is grasped by 1 – 2 turns;
Technology for making curls using the figure eight method:
This method is used for hair 20–35 cm long. Comb the hair thoroughly;
Separate part of the hair to curl one curl;
Warm up the strand and grab it by turning the tongs half a turn towards you, while immediately making a full turn with the tongs. When stopping, the roller should be turned towards the base of the strand, and the groove towards the master, the left hand slightly pulls the strand of hair;
Pull back the tongs and make another turn;
With your left hand, bring the ends of the hair down on the other side of the strand;
Thus, with each new turn, the ends of the hair change their position, being either to the left or to the right of the twisted strand.
Technology for making curls using the “spiral curls” method:
Comb your hair, divide it into strands;
Warm up the strand and pull the tongs away from the place where the strand is grasped by 1 - 2 turns, hold the tongs with an inclination of 45° to the base of the strand;
Curl your hair in a spiral, holding the end of the strand with your left hand and slightly pulling it;
Continue winding until the end of the strand is between the groove and the roller.
“What is hot hair styling and does a regular home hair dryer apply to it?” Anna Samoilina, Saratov
All methods of treating hair with heat above air temperature are referred to as hot styling. This is a hair dryer, dryer, hot rollers, tongs and iron. Every woman knows what a hair dryer, hot rollers and electric curling irons are.
An electric dryer is a kind of hair dryer in the form of a warm helmet cap under which you place your head. Until recently, it was used only in hairdressing salons, but now a new product has appeared - dryers for home use. Hairdryer and dryer - the most safe types hot styling, since they do not come into contact with the hair, acting at a distance of 10-20 cm.
With the help of a hairdressing iron, hairdressers in salons straighten curly hair. A strand of hair is clamped between two heated plates and pulled out, straightening the hair. Coarse, curly, unruly hair can only be styled with an iron.
“From my own experience, I know how harmful it is to curl your hair with curling irons - periodically you have to cut off the burnt ends. I can’t refuse curling irons - only with their help can I restore order to my head. Is it possible to protect my hair?” Maria Ch., Moscow
- Hot styling is, of course, a great invention. With its help you can give shape and volume to any, even the weakest, thinnest and sparse hair. As for the harmful effects of hot styling on hair, this problem seemed insoluble for a long time. The only way that was recommended to help dry hair with a hairdryer or tongs was increased nutrition, that is, the use of masks. This advice remains relevant today.
The emergence of new products - heat-protective products - saves the situation with hot styling.. These are shampoos, conditioners, moisturizing sprays, nourishing mousses. They are designed to protect hair from damage from heat styling and normalize the activity of the sebaceous glands. The ingredients in these products are activated by heat and neutralize the harmful effects of heat on the hair.
Thermal protectants are divided into two groups: those that are washed off with water: shampoos, conditioners, rinses, and thermal styling products. All of them protect the hair, from roots to ends, and add volume to the hairstyle. Typically, green tea extract, vitamins E, B5 and natural proteins are added to such products, which prevent dry hair.
It is impossible to say that any line of thermal products is better than others. It is worth choosing drugs from the company that you are used to and trust. I like the gentle SP "Wella" line. Thermally active shampoos and balms of the “Prelest” line from “Arnest” have proven themselves well. The Unilever concern has released a new series of heat-active shampoos and conditioners "Sunsilk thermalasilk". And Kerastas offers heat-active protective oils and intensive masks after heat styling. All these series are designed for those who actively use hair dryers, electric curlers and hot rollers.
Dry hair can also be treated with a root strengthening serum, which can restore the internal structure of the hair.
“Can I use professional hair product lines at home?” Eteri Gobelia, Tbilisi
- If you dry your hair using thermal devices, then this is necessary. Only a master can choose the professional line that’s right for you. After all, use professional products should be comprehensive. For example, I would recommend washing thin light colored hair with thermal shampoo, then to add volume you should use the SP “Wella - 30 seconds” restoring cream. When hot styling, such hair needs volume mousse and a small amount of liquid keratin.
Curly, thick, undyed hair with oily skin The scalp requires different care - a special moisturizing shampoo and rinse. When styling curly hair at home, emulsions are most effective. If hair is straightened with an iron, thermal balms are necessary. When hair is pulled out with a brush under a hair dryer, it is better to use heat-activated styling milk.
Only a specialist can develop individual complexes for your hair, taking into account all the nuances. Indeed, in professional lines, shampoos “work” in combination with certain balms, rinses and mousses. All hair care products should be of the same brand - then they complement each other more effectively.
“I’m used to washing my hair with hot water and rinsing it with a heated infusion of herbs. I recently heard that hot water harms your hair. Is this true?” Tamara Grigorieva, Moscow
Too hot water when washing and too hot air when drying make hair brittle and dry. In addition, heat increases the secretion of fatty glands. You can wash your hair with hot water only if you use heat-active shampoos and rinses - they protect your hair from overheating.
1You should wash your hair as it becomes dirty.. Fatty - daily, dry - much less often. Most often, hair is washed 2-3 times a week. Those who wash their hair every day should only use it for daily use. It is unacceptable to apply concentrated shampoo to your hair. It needs to be foamed in a handful of water on your palms or dissolved in a bowl of softened water. To do this, add one teaspoon of baking soda or the same amount of ammonia to 2 liters of water. Dissolve shampoo that matches your hair type in this water. It is better to wash thin and weak hair in boiled water.
2 Before washing, hair must be thoroughly combed, and during the washing process, try to tangle them less.
3 Once a month, replace the shampoo with two egg yolks, brewed black bread or yogurt. These products lather your hair in the same way as shampoo.
4 Rinse your hair thoroughly - excess shampoo in your hair will deprive it of shine.. To remove shampoo residues and for protection, balms and rinses are used. The last rinse of the hair should be cool - cold water “closes” the scaly layer of the hair. It is better if it is a decoction of herbs: chamomile, St. John's wort, oak bark, sage or rose hip leaves.
5 It is more useful to dry your hair at room temperature, without combing it while wet, drying it with a soft towel heated on a radiator. Do not tie wet hair with a scarf or towel.
6 To help your hair grow better, comb dry hair vigorously in different directions in the morning and evening. The first combing is from ends to roots.
7 Weak and thin hair should not be combed wet.
8 Split ends should be trimmed from time to time and the ends should be lubricated with special oils or emulsions., which are called “Products for split ends”.
9 Long hair quickly deteriorate from strong tension. Therefore, I do not recommend tight ponytails, tightly braided braids, or partings in the same place every day. Use tight hoops, elastic bands and metal pins with sharp surfaces less often. They, like iron combs, break hair.
10 Combs should be wooden, with rounded and fairly long teeth, massage brushes- hair or pile.
"Is there a diet for damaged hair?" Christina Feodonia, Sevastopol
Modern research has proven that it is not only care products that nourish hair. Diet is of great importance. It’s no wonder that hair loss most often occurs in women who are addicted to trendy diets. Hair reacts sharply to protein starvation, so those with dry hair need dairy products, cheese and meat. The menu should include dishes with edible gelatin - jellies, jellies, mousses, jellies, jelly.
The French encourage people to strengthen their hair by eating yellow fruits that contain vitamin A: peaches, apricots, pears, mangoes and bananas. All greens and carrots are good for hair. Phosphorus deficiency in hair can be partially compensated by fish and seafood. Hair “loves” vegetable oils, especially soybean and corn. And in the East they drink rye beer to strengthen their hair. Hair masks are also made from it.
Daria KOSTROVA
Some modern hair styling methods involve the use of tools such as a hair dryer, curling iron or flat iron. They are extremely popular because they allow you to create a beautiful stylish look. Curling iron or tongs It’s worth clarifying right away that such a device requires certain skills. Therefore, you will have to practice creating a certain shape several times before you get the perfect result. In addition, like any methods involving thermal exposure, this one also requires the prior application of a thermal protective spray or cream. In any case, it is not recommended to use a curling iron too often.
Having placed the strand between the plates, wrap it around the device and leave in this position for several seconds. Keep it horizontal if you want classic curls. For spirals, place the device vertically. Holding it at an angle of 45 degrees, you will be able to form oblique curls that look original and stylish. For long-lasting results, do not straighten the curl after warming up. Lock it in this position. When the latter has cooled, carefully remove the clamps. Correct with your hands and spray with varnish.
SECTION 2 HAIRDRESSING TECHNOLOGIES USED IN THE “IDEAL” HAIRDRESSING SALON WHEN PERFORMING A SPIRAL PERM ON MEDIUM-LENGTH HAIR
Technology for performing spiral perm on medium length hair
Perm procedure (see APPENDIX B)
The hairdresser carefully examines the hair and scalp before curling, selects the appropriate product, and determines the structure and quality of the hair. At this stage, it is important to correctly determine the type of previous hair treatment and the method of applying the chemical composition.
He washes his hair with deep cleaning shampoo, without massaging the scalp - this further allows you to open the hair scales and speed up the penetration of the chemical substance.
A strand of hair is separated in the form of a square (starting from the lower occipital area), twisted into a rope and wound in a spiral onto a bobbin. In this case, the turns of the spiral are placed close to each other. The direction of twisting the tourniquet and the direction of winding it onto the bobbin must coincide. Having completed curling the entire mass of hair, apply the composition, carefully working out each bobbin with a foam sponge. Finally, put on the plastic cap.
The time of exposure is determined experimentally; for this purpose, four bobbins are untwisted in each area of the head and the result of the effect of the composition is checked. If the curl is elastic enough and holds its shape, you can move on to the next stage. Rinse your hair (without removing bobbins) with warm running water. The procedure should take place within 5-7 minutes.
For fixation, hydrogen peroxide is used in a concentration of 3-5%; in order for the composition to gain viscosity, add a small amount of shampoo. Lather the preparation with a sponge and treat each bobbin. After 7-10 minutes you can start unwinding the curlers. After removing all the bobbins, repeat the application of the fixer. After 5 minutes, rinse your hair with clean water without any cleansing cosmetics. Neutralizing perm chemicals have a pH ranging from 8.5-9.5 and act as an alkali. A small amount of product on the hair leads to its destruction. As practice shows, even thorough and repeated rinsing of hair with running water does not completely eliminate the alkaline effect.
The neutralization stage involves the use of a weak solution of citric or acetic acid, in which hydrogen ions H+ predominate. The higher their concentration in the solution, the lower the pH of the environment.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
One of the points of safety regulations is the organization of the workplace. On the master’s desktop, disinfectants are located on the left, and working tools on the right, in the order in which they will be needed. Power tools are in the drawers of the nightstand.
The cleanliness and neatness of the master himself is very important (clean hands, no rings, bracelets, watches), disinfected tools, spotlessly clean linen and protective negligee.
When performing a hairstyle, a number of services were performed using cutting tools (straight and thinning scissors), power tools (hand hair dryer, electric curling irons), equipment (sterilizer), when working with which you need to be very careful and attentive.
Tools and devices must be clean, as required by sanitary, hygienic and ethical standards. Instruments can be disinfected using ultraviolet sterilization, quartz sterilizers and high-pressure sterilizers.
When working with hot water, be sure to monitor its temperature.
Disinfect instruments in a timely manner.
To prevent instruments from becoming a source of infection, they must be periodically disinfected. There are two types of disinfection:
Sterilization and disinfection.
Sterilization is the most effective method killing bacteria using high temperature. To do this, use a box that closes tightly - an autoclave.
Disinfection is the destruction of bacteria using special solutions - disinfectants. Some of them have only bactericidal properties (destroy bacteria), others are fungicidal (destroy fungi), and still others have both qualities.
Disinfection methods are carried out using mechanical, thermal and radiation means.
Mechanical means remove, but do not destroy, microorganisms. These are cleaning, wiping, washing, washing, shaking out, sweeping, airing. When using a vacuum cleaner, up to 98% of microorganisms are removed. Ventilation is effective enough when its duration is no less than 30-60 minutes.
Thermal means are based on the use of high and low temperatures, namely: hot air, steam, boiling, pasteurization, burning, burning, freezing, drying. Ironing is a disinfectant, but it acts primarily superficially. Freezing does not lead to the death of microorganisms, but leads to a decrease in their number over time.
Drying for a long time leads to the death of a large number of microbes.
Chemical disinfection methods are widely used in practice. They are based on the use of various chemicals that kill microorganisms. Chemicals have different effects on microorganisms:
Bactericidal - the ability to kill bacteria;
Bactriostatic - suppress their vital activity;
Virucidal - the ability to kill viruses;
Fungicidal - the ability to kill fungi.
Among chemical disinfectants, a distinction is made between mild disinfectants used to disinfect the skin of hands, clothing, and linen, and strong disinfectants used to disinfect highly contaminated materials.
For cuts, use hemostatic agents.
When dyeing hair or doing other work with chemicals, be sure to use rubber gloves.
A first aid kit and instructions for providing first aid to victims should be available.
When using cutting tools you must:
Store closed in a special case or case;
Do not pass it open and only rings first;
Do not store them in pockets;
Use only as directed.
When working with power tools you must:
Check the serviceability of the tool and the integrity of the cord before work;
If any malfunctions are detected, work must be suspended until they are eliminated;
Do not handle the tool with wet hands;
Do not connect to a network not intended for electrical appliances;
When changing attachments in electric tongs, turn off the power supply.
prohibited:
Disassemble power tools and make any repairs yourself;
Use alcohol or substances that contain alcohol to clean instruments that have heating elements;
Do not store flammable and combustible substances in close proximity to heating devices;
Even when leaving the workplace for a short time, it is necessary to turn off local lighting and electrical appliances;
All electric heating devices must have fireproof bases.
When using hair treatment products and decorative cosmetics, you must always check their expiration date, and under no circumstances use expired products.
CONCLUSIONS OF THE STUDENT ABOUT COMPLETING THE PRODUCTION PRACTICE
During my internship at the Ideal hairdressing salon, I realized that a hairdresser is a real artist who works on each person as his own canvas. Every person wants to look more beautiful, and hair is the best decoration of a woman. By changing your hairstyle, you can change your style, your image, and transform your appearance. The role of the hairdresser in creating an overall harmony of lines, taking into account the individuality of the client, is sometimes decisive. I completed an internship at a hairdressing salon in order to ensure a direct connection between my training and my professional activities.
Deepened and expanded theoretical knowledge, strengthened practical skills and abilities. I studied the activities of a hairdressing salon, learned how to quickly and almost accurately perform hairdressing services, taking into account the rules and requirements for their implementation. She consolidated her practical skills as a hairdresser and worked on technological techniques.
APPENDIX A
Technology for performing women's haircuts "Cascade"
Technology for performing men's haircuts "Polubox"
Hot hair styling technology
APPENDIX B
Technology for performing spiral perm on medium length hair
